Loving v. Virginia was a landmark U.S. Supreme Court case in Black history that dealt with the issue of interracial marriage. The case involved Richard and Mildred Loving, a Black woman and a white man who were married in 1958 in Virginia, where laws banning interracial marriage were in place.

The Lovings were arrested and convicted under Virginia's anti-miscegenation laws, which prohibited interracial marriage. They were sentenced to one year in prison, with the sentence suspended on the condition that they leave Virginia and not return together for 25 years. The couple appealed their case, and it eventually made its way to the Supreme Court.

In a unanimous decision in 1967, the Supreme Court ruled in favor of the Lovings, declaring Virginia's anti-miscegenation laws unconstitutional. The Court held that laws banning interracial marriage violated the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment.

Loving v. Virginia was a pivotal moment in Black history and civil rights, as it struck down laws that enforced racial segregation and discrimination in marriage. The decision paved the way for the legalization of interracial marriage nationwide and was a significant victory in the fight for equality and civil rights for Black Americans.